Simulated effects of head movement on contact pressures between headforms and N95 filtering facepiece respirators part 2: simulation.
Identifieur interne : 001317 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001316; suivant : 001318Simulated effects of head movement on contact pressures between headforms and N95 filtering facepiece respirators part 2: simulation.
Auteurs : Zhipeng Lei [États-Unis] ; Xuewu Ji [République populaire de Chine] ; Ning Li [États-Unis] ; James Yang [États-Unis] ; Ziqing Zhuang [États-Unis] ; Dana Rottach [États-Unis]Source :
- The Annals of occupational hygiene [ 1475-3162 ] ; 2014.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Analyse des éléments finis, Conception d'appareillage, Contrainte mécanique, Exposition professionnelle (), Humains, Modèles anatomiques, Mouvements de la tête (physiologie), Phénomènes biomécaniques, Pression, Reproductibilité des résultats, Respirateurs purificateurs d'air, Simulation numérique, Test de matériaux ().
- MESH :
- physiologie : Mouvements de la tête.
- Analyse des éléments finis, Conception d'appareillage, Contrainte mécanique, Exposition professionnelle, Humains, Modèles anatomiques, Phénomènes biomécaniques, Pression, Reproductibilité des résultats, Respirateurs purificateurs d'air, Simulation numérique, Test de matériaux.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Biomechanical Phenomena, Computer Simulation, Equipment Design, Finite Element Analysis, Head Movements (physiology), Humans, Materials Testing (methods), Models, Anatomic, Occupational Exposure (prevention & control), Pressure, Reproducibility of Results, Respiratory Protective Devices, Stress, Mechanical.
- MESH :
- methods : Materials Testing.
- physiology : Head Movements.
- prevention & control : Occupational Exposure.
- Biomechanical Phenomena, Computer Simulation, Equipment Design, Finite Element Analysis, Humans, Models, Anatomic, Pressure, Reproducibility of Results, Respiratory Protective Devices, Stress, Mechanical.
Abstract
Finite element (FE) filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) were developed and mated to the new headforms with a cervical spine model. The FFRs from three manufacturers included three sizing systems: (i) a single one-size-fits all, (ii) an FFR with two sizes (S/M and M/L), and (iii) an FFR with three sizes (S, L/M, XL). Finite element method (FEM) simulations of 16 headform and respirator combinations (5 headforms and 6 respirators) were used to examine maximum contact pressure changes for five cases: static head, flexion, extension, left rotation, and right rotation. For each of the 16 headform and respirator combinations, maximum contact pressures of the static headform and motile headforms were compared using t-tests. Significant differences on the maximum contact pressures were found in the extension, left rotation and right rotation at the nose (P < 0.005), the left rotation at the top of right cheek (P = 0.03), and the extension at the bottom of left/right cheek (P = 0.01). When separately considering each headform and each FFR manufacturer, the effects of the four head movement cases on the nose maximum contact pressure changes were observed in the simulations with all five headforms and all FFR manufacturers. The effects of the left and right rotations on the chin maximum contact pressure changes were observed in the simulations with the small headform. It was also found that the use of a nose clip could reduce the impact of the head left/right rotations on nose maximum contact pressure changes. In addition, head movements changed pressure contours of the key nose area. Caused by the head movements, the maximum contact pressure changes may affect seal quality, and the increase of the maximum contact pressures could reduce the facial comfort level.
DOI: 10.1093/annhyg/meu064
PubMed: 25187035
Affiliations:
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Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>1.Human-Centric Design Research Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Texas</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ji, Xuewu" sort="Ji, Xuewu" uniqKey="Ji X" first="Xuewu" last="Ji">Xuewu Ji</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>2.State Key Lab of Automotive Safety and Energy Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>2.State Key Lab of Automotive Safety and Energy Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Ning" sort="Li, Ning" uniqKey="Li N" first="Ning" last="Li">Ning Li</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>1.Human-Centric Design Research Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>1.Human-Centric Design Research Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Texas</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, James" sort="Yang, James" uniqKey="Yang J" first="James" last="Yang">James Yang</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>1.Human-Centric Design Research Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA james.yang@ttu.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>1.Human-Centric Design Research Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Texas</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhuang, Ziqing" sort="Zhuang, Ziqing" uniqKey="Zhuang Z" first="Ziqing" last="Zhuang">Ziqing Zhuang</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>3.National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>3.National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Pittsburgh, PA 15236</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rottach, Dana" sort="Rottach, Dana" uniqKey="Rottach D" first="Dana" last="Rottach">Dana Rottach</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>3.National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>3.National Institute for Occupational 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d'appareillage</term><term>Contrainte mécanique</term><term>Exposition professionnelle ()</term><term>Humains</term><term>Modèles anatomiques</term><term>Mouvements de la tête (physiologie)</term><term>Phénomènes biomécaniques</term><term>Pression</term><term>Reproductibilité des résultats</term><term>Respirateurs purificateurs d'air</term><term>Simulation numérique</term><term>Test de matériaux ()</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Materials Testing</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Mouvements de la tête</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Head Movements</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prevention & control" xml:lang="en"><term>Occupational Exposure</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Biomechanical Phenomena</term><term>Computer Simulation</term><term>Equipment Design</term><term>Finite Element Analysis</term><term>Humans</term><term>Models, Anatomic</term><term>Pressure</term><term>Reproducibility of Results</term><term>Respiratory Protective Devices</term><term>Stress, Mechanical</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Analyse des éléments finis</term><term>Conception d'appareillage</term><term>Contrainte mécanique</term><term>Exposition professionnelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Modèles anatomiques</term><term>Phénomènes biomécaniques</term><term>Pression</term><term>Reproductibilité des résultats</term><term>Respirateurs purificateurs d'air</term><term>Simulation numérique</term><term>Test de matériaux</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Finite element (FE) filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) were developed and mated to the new headforms with a cervical spine model. The FFRs from three manufacturers included three sizing systems: (i) a single one-size-fits all, (ii) an FFR with two sizes (S/M and M/L), and (iii) an FFR with three sizes (S, L/M, XL). Finite element method (FEM) simulations of 16 headform and respirator combinations (5 headforms and 6 respirators) were used to examine maximum contact pressure changes for five cases: static head, flexion, extension, left rotation, and right rotation. For each of the 16 headform and respirator combinations, maximum contact pressures of the static headform and motile headforms were compared using t-tests. Significant differences on the maximum contact pressures were found in the extension, left rotation and right rotation at the nose (P < 0.005), the left rotation at the top of right cheek (P = 0.03), and the extension at the bottom of left/right cheek (P = 0.01). When separately considering each headform and each FFR manufacturer, the effects of the four head movement cases on the nose maximum contact pressure changes were observed in the simulations with all five headforms and all FFR manufacturers. The effects of the left and right rotations on the chin maximum contact pressure changes were observed in the simulations with the small headform. It was also found that the use of a nose clip could reduce the impact of the head left/right rotations on nose maximum contact pressure changes. In addition, head movements changed pressure contours of the key nose area. Caused by the head movements, the maximum contact pressure changes may affect seal quality, and the increase of the maximum contact pressures could reduce the facial comfort level.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>République populaire de Chine</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Pennsylvanie</li><li>Texas</li></region><settlement><li>Pékin</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Texas"><name sortKey="Lei, Zhipeng" sort="Lei, Zhipeng" uniqKey="Lei Z" first="Zhipeng" last="Lei">Zhipeng Lei</name></region><name sortKey="Li, Ning" sort="Li, Ning" uniqKey="Li N" first="Ning" last="Li">Ning Li</name><name sortKey="Rottach, Dana" sort="Rottach, Dana" uniqKey="Rottach D" first="Dana" last="Rottach">Dana Rottach</name><name sortKey="Yang, James" sort="Yang, James" uniqKey="Yang J" first="James" last="Yang">James Yang</name><name sortKey="Zhuang, Ziqing" sort="Zhuang, Ziqing" uniqKey="Zhuang Z" first="Ziqing" last="Zhuang">Ziqing Zhuang</name></country><country name="République populaire de Chine"><noRegion><name sortKey="Ji, Xuewu" sort="Ji, Xuewu" uniqKey="Ji X" first="Xuewu" last="Ji">Xuewu Ji</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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